WEB 3.0 AND DAPPS DEVELOPMENT: WHAT ARE THEY AND WHY SHOULD YOU CARE?

what is web3

Web3 and decentralised applications have generated a lot of buzz lately. Some see them as just another buzzword, while others see them as the future of the Internet and digital products.

Dive into the world of these modern technologies with us and see for yourself. We'll tell you everything you need to know about web3 technology and why you should think about developing dApps.

I am interested in web3.0
web 3.0 dapps

What is web 3.0?

Web 3.0 (sometimes also web3) is a decentralized network built on decentralized technologies. Its main goal is to transform the internet into a more democratic and secure place where no one will control traffic or censor information just because the web runs on its servers.

For example, the use of decentralised social networks cannot be conditional on consent to the processing of personal data, and everyone must follow the same rules, regardless of the user or corporation involved.

what is web 3.0

Web3 thus responds to the need for increased control over user data and privacy that has grown with the rise of social networking and other platforms typical of Web 2.0.

Despite the fact that Web3 is a relatively new concept and no one has yet defined a comprehensive solution for this technology, it symbolizes for many the future of the Internet. A future built on a new architecture, the next generation of web applications (dApps) and a business model independent of corporations.

I am interested in web3.0

Web x.0 or web development in a nutshell

blockchain application
Web 1.0
  • 1990-2004
  • the beginning of the Internet
  • the first websites
  • the prevalence of static websites
  • content created mainly by programmers
  • the Internet used mainly for content consumption

Web 2.0 vs. web3

The Web 2.0 architecture is built on the communication of the web browser with the web server, where the frontend, backend and database of the website or web application are located:

  1. The user enters a request through the browser.
  2. The browser delivers the request to the server using logs.
  3. The server processes the request.
  4. The server sends the result to the browser via logs.

The key elements are the server and the protocols - over which the user does not have 100% control. This is where web3 comes in, replacing the centralised, authority-dependent elements with decentralised ones.

web 2.0 vs. web3

Architecture web 2.0 - client-server

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How web 3.0 works

Web architecture3 can be implemented in several ways. It is most commonly associated with the Ethereum blockchain today, and therefore all further content focuses on describing this model:

  1. The user connects to the frontend of the decentralized application via a private key stored in a crypto-wallet (e.g. Metamask).
  2. The frontend of the dApp connects to the provider (e.g. Metamask again).
  3. The provider communicates with smart contracts residing in the blockchain.
  4. The blockchain nodes verify the transaction.
  5. After successful verification, a new block is added to the blockchain.

So everyone controls the data that is added to the database and everyone has a copy of the database - a peer-to-peer architecture. Communication with the blockchain is funded by cryptocurrency tokens and ownership is held in NFT.

how web 3.0 works

web 3.0 architecture

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Advantages and disadvantages of web3

Advantages
1
Personal data protection

The user has much more control over their data. In addition, the identity is protected through a private key.

2
Removing the influence of authority

Web3 is built on decentralization. No one can condition the use of dApps, censor content or break the rules.

3
Reducing cybercrime

The blockchain principle reduces the risk of cybercrime.

Disadvantages
1
Cryptocurrency addiction

The value of tokens depends on the interest of users. If interest drops, so does the value.

2
Network performance and dApps

Improved security and trustworthiness of the Internet and transactions is paid for by slower network and application response.

3
Abuse of decentralisation

The absence of an authority that controls network traffic can lead to abuse of this freedom. There is therefore a risk of an increase in cases of harassment or hate speech.

What are dApps and how do they work?

Decentralized applications (abbreviated as dApps) look just like traditional web applications. The controls and focus of the individual tools remain the same.

However, the difference is in the architecture and the backend. The original client-server architecture is replaced by a peer-to-peer model, which stores data on decentralized storage (IPFS/SWARM) instead of on a centralized server.

what is blockchain application

The logic of the application itself is stored in Smart Contracts, which are located in the blockchain - hence the name blockchain application.

Data is written to the blockchain through transactions. The form of these transactions is defined by the aforementioned smart contracts, with the user paying cryptocurrency tokens for each transaction.

The blockchain makes dApps more secure, as its principle prevents the application from being overwritten or hacked. Similarly, no one can just shut down a dApp, as there is no central entity that can determine the direction of the app by itself.

I am interested in web3.0

Architecture of dApps

how dapps workhow dapps workhow dapps workhow dapps work
1

CryptoWallet

Digital user identity
  • verifies user identity and payment
  • signs transactions
  • communicates with the frontend
2

Frontend

Application user interface
  • creates user requests
  • communicates with smart contracts
3

Smart contracts

Backend / application logic
  • code residing in the blockchain
  • interact with the user via transactions defined in the code
4

Ethereum Virtual Machine (EVM)

Core Architecture
  • executes the login defined in smart contracts
  • handles all changes

Developing web applications vs. creating dApps

Technology
  • frontend technologies for web applications: React, Angular, Vue.js, BootStrap, ...
  • frontend technologies for developing dApps: same as for web applications
  • backend technologies for web applications: Node.js, Gatsby, Next.js, PHP, ...
  • backend technologies for developing dApps: Truffle, Brownie, Hardhat,
User rights
  • web 2.0 and traditional web applications are controlled by authorities, so users may be blocked or censored
  • the basic idea of the web3 and blockchain applications is the democratization of the Internet - all users should have equal rights
  • the use of classic applications leaves a digital footprint - e.g. the internet provider sees the websites visited
  • decentralized applications put user privacy first
Architecture
  • traditional web applications are built on a backend and frontend that are deployed on centralized servers
  • dApps use decentralized elements and data is not stored on third-party servers
Security
  • corporations behind the development of web applications can abuse user data
  • with dApps, user data, including identity, is in the hands of users
  • web apps face MITM and other attacks
  • dApps are built on a blockchain that prevents content tampering

Web 3.0 and dApps development: faq

01

What are decentralized applications?

02

Which programming languages are used to create dApps?

03

Is Bitcoin a decentralized application?

04

Is it possible to make money on a dApp?

05

What are examples of dApps?

06

Do decentralized applications belong to websites?

07

Do dApps need a backend?

08

What are the advantages of decentralized applications?

09

What are dApps for?

10

What is the difference between an application and a decentralized application?

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